Nakkataiya Mela: The Cultural Heart of Varanasi’s Chetganj

Nestled at the very soul of Varanasi, Chetganj comes alive every year as the proud host of the iconic Nakkataiya Mela. This neighborhood beautifully weaves together timeless traditions and the vibrant pulse of modern life. With its prime location along Raja Bazar Road, Chetganj enjoys seamless connectivity and is always bustling with pilgrims, residents, and cultural enthusiasts from all over the world.

Step into Chetganj’s winding lanes and you’ll find a living museum—bazaars buzzing with activity, ancient temples, and historic homes that narrate the fascinating heritage of Varanasi at every corner. During the Nakkataiya Mela, this area transforms into a grand stage celebrating India’s living traditions.

---

Nakkataiya Mela: Varanasi’s Icon of Faith and Heritage

Widely acknowledged as the spiritual capital of India, Varanasi finds its cultural crown in the spectacular Nakkataiya Mela of Chetganj. This annual festival is a dazzling blend of devotion, community, and storytelling, drawing visitors and locals alike for a night-long expression of faith and unity.

Origins and Historical Importance

The Nakkataiya Mela dates back to 1887, initiated by Baba Fateh Ram as a subtle protest against colonial rule through the profound symbolism of the Ramayana. Over time, it evolved beyond a symbol of resistance into a cherished celebration upholding the deepest values and traditions of Kashi.

The Surpanakha Episode: Mythology Comes Alive

The festival centers around the famous episode from the Ramayana, when Surpanakha’s encounter with Lord Rama and Lakshmana results in Lakshmana severing her nose—a defining moment known as “Nakkataiya.” The annual reenactment of this scene gives the festival its name, captivating the audience with dramatic performances that blend mythology, art, and social meaning.

---

How Nakkataiya Mela Is Celebrated

The Nakkataiya Mela is more than a tradition—it is a vibrant cultural extravaganza:

• It all begins with an energetic play depicting the Surpanakha episode.

• A grand procession weaves through Chetganj’s lively lanes, with performers in elaborate Ramayana costumes.

• The air fills with classical music, devotional songs, and lively folk dances, making the entire locality pulse with spiritual fervor.

• Streets glow with decorative lights, food stalls serve up authentic Banarasi treats, and artisans display handicrafts, handloom textiles, and pottery, celebrating the best of Kashi’s artistic heritage.

• The synergy of crowd energy, dramatic devotion, and wafting aromas creates an unforgettable experience for everyone.

---

Community Spirit and Social Harmony

What makes Nakkataiya Mela so endearing is its power to unite:

• It bridges gaps of caste, class, and creed, bringing together the entire local community in a heartfelt celebration.

• Residents come together to prepare, decorate, and participate in every aspect of the festival.

• It keeps alive the deep moral teachings and epic stories of the Ramayana, passing them on with pride to younger generations.

• In every sense, the Nakkataiya Mela embodies Varanasi’s inclusive and timeless spirit, where festival and faith become one.

---

Visiting Chetganj During Nakkataiya Mela

If you wish to soak in the grandeur of Nakkataiya Mela, plan your visit around Karwa Chauth, when the festival is celebrated with great energy from late evening through the dawn.

• Arriving early is advised to find a vantage point to enjoy the dazzling procession.

• Savor Banarasi delicacies and browse the festive craft stalls.

• The true magic, however, is simply in being there—absorbing the sights, sounds, and spirit first-hand.

For many, this festival is not just an event—it is an unmissable opportunity to witness a living tradition that reveals the heart of India.

---

Conclusion

Nakkataiya Mela is far more than a fair—it is the lifeblood of Chetganj and the living testament to Varanasi’s rich cultural legacy. For anyone eager to grasp the depth of Indian spirituality and community, witnessing the Nakkataiya Mela in Chetganj is truly an experience of a lifetime—where history, mythology, and modern-day festivity walk hand in hand.

Bankhandi Mahadev Temple Varanasi

 

The Bankhandi Mahadev is one of the popular Hindu Temple located in Ravindrapuri, Varanasi, is an ancient temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple was built in the 18th century and is famous for its massive Shivling. The Shivling is 20 feet tall and 12 feet in diameter, making it one of the largest Shivlingas in India.

The temple was built by saints of the Udasin sect in the 18th century. The name "Bankhandi" comes from the fact that the Shivling is made from a massive piece of wood. The temple complex also has a small well called "Ganga Kund". It is said that this well is connected to the Ganges River.

The Bankhandi Mahadev Mandir is an important religious site and is considered very holy in Hinduism. The temple attracts thousands of devotees every year.

There are many religious events held at the temple throughout the year, but the most important festival is Mahashivaratri. On the day of Mahashivaratri, special pujas and rituals are held at the temple. On this day, lakhs of devotees come to the temple to have darshan of Lord Shiva.

The Bankhandi Mahadev Mandir is one of the major tourist attractions in Varanasi. The temple is located in the old part of the city and can be easily reached on foot or by auto-rickshaw.

Annapurna Temple Varanasi

 The Annapurna Devi Mandir, also known as Annapurna Mata Mandir, is a well-known Hindu temple in Varanasi, a sacred city in India. This temple is close to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple and holds significant religious importance in Hinduism. It is dedicated to the goddess Annapurna, a form of the goddess Parvati who symbolizes nourishment.The temple was built in 1729 A.D. by Maratha Peshwa Bajirao I.

According to a myth, there was a time when Lord Shiva referred to food as an illusion, causing Goddess Parvati to become upset. In response, she removed all the food from the Earth, leading to starvation and infertility. To alleviate the suffering of her devotees in Varanasi, the abode of Lord Shiva, Goddess Parvati reappeared and established a kitchen. She personally prepared and offered food to Lord Shiva, emphasizing the importance of creation and sustenance.

Another myth associated with Annapurna tells of a moment when Goddess Parvathi closed all three eyes of Lord Shiva, plunging the world into darkness. To restore balance, Lord Shiva advised her to distribute food in Varanasi. By doing so, Goddess Parvati regained her fair complexion, and this practice is believed to be followed by devotees.

The temple observes the tradition of offering food to beggars, the poor, and devotees as a form of blessing from the goddess. It is said that Goddess Annapurna is considered the Queen of Varanasi City, while Lord Shiva is regarded as the King. Devotees believe that the goddess does not consume food until all her devotees are provided for.

The temple has various names, and there are hymns like Annapurna Shatnam Stotram and Annapurna Sahastranam Stotram that list 100 and 1000 names of the goddess, respectively. These names are part of the rich tradition of naming deities in the Indian pantheon. Overall, the Annapurna Devi Mandir holds a special place in the hearts of devotees who worship the goddess for nourishment and sustenance.

Escape to Tranquility: 10 Enchanting Hill Stations to Visit in India

  

 

 

 

                                                                                                                                   India, a land of diverse landscapes and captivating beauty, is adorned with numerous hill stations that offer respite from the scorching heat and bustling cities. Nestled amidst the mighty Himalayas, the Western Ghats, and the Eastern Ghats, these charming hill retreats provide a serene and rejuvenating escape for both nature enthusiasts and weary souls seeking solace. From misty mountains to lush valleys, here are ten enchanting hill stations to explore in India:

1. Shimla, Himachal Pradesh: Fondly referred to as the "Queen of Hill Stations," Shimla boasts colonial-era architecture, winding streets, and stunning vistas. The Mall Road, Christ Church, and Jakhoo Temple are some of its must-visit attractions.

2. Manali, Himachal Pradesh: Manali is a paradise for adventure seekers and nature lovers. Surrounded by snow-capped peaks, it offers activities like trekking, paragliding, and river rafting, along with the serene beauty of Solang Valley and Rohtang Pass.

3. Ooty, Tamil Nadu: With its tea gardens, Nilgiri Mountain Railway, and the serene Ooty Lake, Ooty is a picture-perfect hill station. The pleasant climate and lush landscapes make it an ideal getaway.

4. Darjeeling, West Bengal: Known for its world-renowned tea estates and the panoramic view of the Kanchenjunga peak, Darjeeling's charm lies in its tranquil ambiance, Toy Train, and vibrant local culture.

5. Munnar, Kerala: Situated amidst rolling hills and tea plantations, Munnar offers a breathtaking landscape that's perfect for trekking and wildlife spotting. The Anamudi Peak and Eravikulam National Park are its gems.

6. Nainital, Uttarakhand: This "City of Lakes" is embraced by emerald lakes and surrounded by lush forests. Boating on Naini Lake, a ride on the aerial ropeway, and the Naina Devi Temple are key attractions.

7. Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu: Known as the "Princess of Hill Stations," Kodaikanal captivates with its meandering paths, serene lakes, and lush greenery. The Coaker's Walk and Pillar Rocks are sights to behold.

8. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir: Often referred to as "Paradise on Earth," Srinagar's Dal Lake, houseboats, and Mughal gardens create a magical atmosphere. The snow-clad mountains and local crafts add to its allure.

9. Mussoorie, Uttarakhand: Popularly called the "Queen of the Hills," Mussoorie offers stunning views of the Doon Valley and the Shivalik Range. The Mall Road, Kempty Falls, and Gun Hill are its major attractions.

10. Coorg, Karnataka: Nestled in the Western Ghats, Coorg is known for its coffee plantations, misty hills, and lush forests. Abbey Falls, Dubare Elephant Camp, and the Omkareshwara Temple are some of its highlights.

Each of these hill stations has a unique charm, offering a blend of natural beauty, cultural richness, and an opportunity to reconnect with nature. Whether you seek adventure, tranquility, or simply a change of scenery, these picturesque retreats promise an unforgettable escape from the chaos of urban life. So, pack your bags and embark on a journey to these serene havens that showcase the captivating beauty of India's hill stations.

Unveiling the Hidden Gems of India: Lesser-known Destinations Worth Exploring

India, a land of incredible diversity, is renowned for its iconic landmarks like the Taj Mahal, Jaipur's palaces, and the backwaters of Kerala. However, there is much more to India than meets the eye. Nestled amidst its vast landscape are hidden gems waiting to be discovered by intrepid travelers. In this blog, we'll take you on a journey off the beaten path, uncovering lesser-known destinations in India that are worth exploring. Prepare to be captivated by the beauty and charm of these hidden treasures.

1. Majuli, Assam: Tucked away in the northeastern state of Assam, Majuli is the world's largest river island. Surrounded by the mighty Brahmaputra River, this idyllic place offers a serene and untouched environment. Explore the vibrant Satras (monasteries), interact with the friendly locals, and witness the mesmerizing traditional dance forms of Majuli.

2. Hampi, Karnataka: Step back in time as you wander through the ruins of Hampi, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This ancient city was once the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire and is now a treasure trove of temples, monuments, and architectural marvels. Marvel at the intricate stone carvings, visit the Virupaksha Temple, and be awed by the surreal landscapes.

3. Mawlynnong, Meghalaya: Known as "Asia's Cleanest Village," Mawlynnong in Meghalaya will enchant you with its pristine beauty and well-preserved ecosystem. Immerse yourself in the lush greenery, visit the living root bridges, and embrace the warm hospitality of the Khasi people. Don't miss the panoramic views from the Sky View Point, which offers a breathtaking vista of the surrounding countryside.

4. Khajjiar, Himachal Pradesh: Often referred to as the "Mini Switzerland of India," Khajjiar is a picturesque hill station nestled in the Himalayan foothills. The lush meadows, dense forests, and a sparkling lake create a postcard-perfect setting. Trek through the Dainkund Peak, indulge in adventure sports, and bask in the tranquility of this lesser-known gem.

5. Ziro Valley, Arunachal Pradesh: Escape to the mesmerizing Ziro Valley, a verdant paradise tucked away in the eastern state of Arunachal Pradesh. Home to the Apatani tribe, this valley offers a glimpse into their unique culture and traditions. Take leisurely walks through paddy fields, attend the vibrant Ziro Music Festival, and soak in the ethereal beauty of this hidden gem.

6. Kutch, Gujarat: Unleash your wanderlust in the vast expanse of the Rann of Kutch. This surreal salt marsh transforms into a white desert during the dry season, creating a mesmerizing landscape. Immerse yourself in the local culture, witness traditional folk dances, and explore the vibrant handicrafts of this region.

7. Gokarna, Karnataka: For those seeking a peaceful beach getaway away from the tourist crowds, Gokarna is the perfect destination. With its pristine beaches, ancient temples, and laid-back atmosphere, this coastal town offers a serene alternative to Goa. Relax on the secluded beaches, trek to the scenic Half Moon Beach, and witness the breathtaking sunset at Om Beach.

8. Dzukou Valley, Nagaland: Nestled in the northeastern state of Nagaland, Dzukou Valley is a hidden gem that enthralls visitors with its breathtaking beauty. Trek through rolling hills, traverse bamboo bridges, and witness a carpet of blooming flowers during the monsoon season. This off-the-beaten-path destination is a paradise for nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts.

9. Patan, Rajasthan: While Jaipur steals the limelight, Patan in Rajasthan remains an undiscovered gem. Famous for its ancient step wells (baoris) and exquisitely carved temples, this historical town offers a glimpse into Rajasthan's rich heritage. Explore the Rani ki Vav, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and immerse yourself in the vibrant local culture.

10. Chettinad, Tamil Nadu: Discover the architectural wonders of Chettinad, a region in Tamil Nadu renowned for its grand mansions and unique culinary traditions. Marvel at the opulent palatial homes, adorned with intricate woodwork and elaborate frescoes. Indulge in the delectable Chettinad cuisine, known for its rich flavors and aromatic spices.

India is a treasure trove of hidden gems waiting to be explored. These lesser-known destinations offer an opportunity to delve into the country's rich cultural heritage, breathtaking landscapes, and warm hospitality. So, step off the beaten path, wander through the alleys of history, and create memories that will last a lifetime in these enchanting, lesser-known destinations of India.

Top 10 Destinations to Visit in India in Summer

Here are the top 10 summer destinations to visit in India, along with information on how to reach them and their main attractions:

Manali, Himachal Pradesh:   Nestled in the beautiful Beas River Valley, Manali is a popular hill station known for its breathtaking views, adventure sports, and serene landscapes. It offers a pleasant climate, making it a perfect summer getaway.

How to reach: Fly to Bhuntar Airport near Kullu or take a bus from Delhi (12-14 hours).
Attractions: Rohtang Pass, Solang Valley, Hidimba Devi Temple, Paragliding, River Rafting.

Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir:Located in the trans-Himalayan region, Leh-Ladakh is renowned for its rugged beauty and picturesque landscapes. It is a haven for adventure enthusiasts, offering activities like trekking, mountain biking, and river rafting.

How to reach: Fly to Leh Airport or take a bus from Srinagar or Manali (depending on the season).
Attractions: Pangong Lake, Nubra Valley, Magnetic Hill, Khardung La Pass, Monasteries.

Shimla, Himachal Pradesh:Shimla, the capital of Himachal Pradesh, is a charming hill station that retains its colonial-era charm. It boasts beautiful colonial architecture, lush greenery, and panoramic views of the surrounding mountains.

How to reach: Fly to Jubbarhatti Airport near Shimla or take a train/bus from Delhi (8-10 hours).
Attractions: Mall Road, Kufri, The Ridge, Jakhu Temple, Toy Train Ride.

Ooty, Tamil Nadu:Often referred to as the "Queen of Hill Stations," Ooty is a popular summer retreat in South India. It is known for its rolling hills, tea plantations, and pleasant weather. The toy train ride in Ooty is a must-try experience.                                                                 
How to reach: Fly to Coimbatore Airport and then drive to Ooty or take a toy train from Mettupalayam.
Attractions: Botanical Gardens, Ooty Lake, Doddabetta Peak, Tea Gardens, Nilgiri Mountain Railway.

Munnar, Kerala:Located in the Western Ghats, Munnar is famous for its tea gardens, misty hills, and scenic beauty. It offers a tranquil and refreshing ambiance, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers and honeymooners.                                                                                   
How to reach: Fly to Cochin International Airport and then drive to Munnar (3-4 hours).
Attractions: Tea Gardens, Mattupetty Dam, Eravikulam National Park, Echo Point, Top Station.

Darjeeling, West Bengal:Darjeeling, known for its tea industry, offers breathtaking views of the snow-capped Himalayan peaks, including the majestic Kanchenjunga. It is also famous for its toy train and is a gateway to several trekking routes.                                                                      
How to reach: Fly to Bagdogra Airport and then drive to Darjeeling or take the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway.
Attractions: Tiger Hill, Batasia Loop, Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, Darjeeling Tea Gardens.

Coorg, Karnataka:Coorg, also known as Kodagu, is a picturesque hill station in Karnataka. It is known for its coffee plantations, lush green forests, and stunning waterfalls. Coorg offers a peaceful and rejuvenating retreat amidst nature.                                                                        
How to reach: Fly to Mangalore Airport and then drive to Coorg or take a bus from Bangalore (5-6 hours).
Attractions: Abbey Falls, Dubare Elephant Camp, Talacauvery, Raja's Seat, Coffee Plantations.

Rishikesh, Uttarakhand:Situated on the banks of the holy Ganges River, Rishikesh is a renowned spiritual destination and the Yoga capital of the world. It offers a mix of spirituality, adventure sports, and scenic beauty.                                                                                   
How to reach: Fly to Dehradun Airport and then drive to Rishikesh or take a train/bus from Delhi (5-6 hours).
Attractions: Laxman Jhula, Parmarth Niketan Ashram, River Rafting, Beatles Ashram, Neelkanth Mahadev Temple.

Puri, Odisha:Puri is a coastal town known for its famous Jagannath Temple, dedicated to Lord Jagannath. It attracts thousands of devotees and tourists who come to witness the famous Rath Yatra festival. The pristine Puri Beach is another major attraction.
How to reach: Fly to Bhubaneswar Airport and then drive to Puri or take a train/bus from major cities.
Attractions: Jagannath Temple, Puri Beach, Chilika Lake, Konark Sun Temple, Puri Rath Yatra.

Mahabaleshwar, Maharashtra:Mahabaleshwar is a charming hill station located in the Sahyadri Mountain Range of Maharashtra. Known for its pleasant climate, lush greenery, and breathtaking views, it is a popular summer destination for both locals and tourists.
How to reach: The nearest airport is Pune Airport, which is approximately 120 kilometers away from Mahabaleshwar. From Pune, you can hire a taxi or take a bus to reach Mahabaleshwar. The journey takes around 2-3 hours. Alternatively, you can also reach Mahabaleshwar by road from Mumbai, which is about 250 kilometers away.
Attractions:Wilson Point, Pratapgad Fort, Venna Lake, Lingmala Waterfall, Mapro Garden.

These destinations offer a variety of experiences and natural beauty that make them popular choices for summer vacations in India. Remember to check travel advisories, weather conditions, and local guidelines before planning your trip.

 

Exploring the Majestic Architecture of India: Must-Visit Historical Sites in India

 

 India, with its rich and diverse history spanning thousands of years, is a treasure trove of magnificent architectural wonders. From ancient temples to grand palaces and intricately designed forts, the country boasts a plethora of historical sites that showcase the artistic brilliance of bygone eras. Embarking on a journey to explore the majestic architecture of India is like stepping into a living museum, where each structure narrates captivating tales of empires, cultural heritage, and architectural marvels. In this article, we will delve into some of the must-visit historical sites in India that will leave you in awe of their splendor.

1. The Taj Mahal, Agra: No list of historical sites in India would be complete without mentioning the Taj Mahal. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is an architectural masterpiece and an eternal symbol of love. The white marble mausoleum, built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife, is a marvel of Mughal architecture, with its exquisite carvings, delicate marble inlays, and perfectly symmetrical design.

2. Khajuraho Temples, Madhya Pradesh: The Khajuraho temples, built between the 9th and 11th centuries, are renowned for their intricate sculptures and exquisite architecture. These temples, dedicated to Hinduism and Jainism, showcase a unique blend of spirituality and sensuality through their detailed carvings depicting celestial beings, mythical creatures, and scenes from everyday life.

3. Hampi, Karnataka: Once the glorious capital of the Vijayanagara Empire, Hampi is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a fascinating open-air museum. The ruins of Hampi transport visitors back in time, with their grand temples, massive boulders, and elaborate stone carvings. The iconic Virupaksha Temple, Vittala Temple, and the Lotus Mahal are among the must-see attractions in this ancient city.

4. Ajanta and Ellora Caves, Maharashtra: Hidden amidst the rocky hills of Maharashtra, the Ajanta and Ellora Caves are a testimony to India's rich artistic heritage. These caves, carved out of solid rock, contain intricate murals and sculptures that depict Buddhist and Hindu religious themes. The Ajanta Caves, renowned for their stunning frescoes, date back to the 2nd century BCE, while the Ellora Caves showcase an amalgamation of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain art.

5. Mehrangarh Fort, Jodhpur: Perched atop a rocky hill, Mehrangarh Fort is one of the most impressive forts in Rajasthan. Its imposing walls, intricate latticework, and expansive courtyards reflect the grandeur of the Rajput architecture. Inside the fort, visitors can explore magnificent palaces, like the Moti Mahal (Pearl Palace) and Phool Mahal (Flower Palace), adorned with ornate ceilings, stained glass windows, and exquisite artwork.

6. Konark Sun Temple, Odisha: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Konark Sun Temple is a marvel of ancient Indian architecture. Shaped like a colossal chariot, the temple is dedicated to the Sun God and is adorned with intricate stone carvings depicting mythical creatures, celestial dancers, and intricate geometric patterns. The temple's architecture is a remarkable feat, with its massive stone wheels and impressive craftsmanship.

India's historical sites offer a captivating glimpse into the country's rich architectural heritage. Whether it's the timeless beauty of the Taj Mahal, the intricate sculptures of Khajuraho, or the majestic forts and temples scattered across the country, each historical site carries its own unique charm and significance. Exploring these architectural marvels is

Chittorgarh Fort

 

Chittorgarh Fort is a historic fortification located in the city of Chittorgarh in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The fort is situated on a rocky hilltop that rises 180 meters above the surrounding plains, and covers an area of 700 acres.

The fort was built in the 7th century AD by the Maurya dynasty, and was later fortified by the Rajputs in the 12th century AD. It was the capital of the Sisodia Rajput dynasty of Mewar, and served as a stronghold of the kingdom.

Chittorgarh Fort is known for its impressive architecture and design, which includes numerous palaces, temples, and towers. Some of the major attractions within the fort complex include the Kirti Stambh, Vijay Stambh, Rana Kumbha Palace, Fateh Prakash Palace, and Padmini Palace.

The fort is also famous for its heroic history, as it has been the site of several battles and sieges over the centuries. It is particularly associated with the valiant resistance put up by the Rajputs against the invading Muslim armies of Alauddin Khilji in the 14th century.

Today, Chittorgarh Fort is a popular tourist attraction and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It attracts visitors from all over the world who come to admire its stunning architecture, learn about its rich history, and experience the cultural heritage of Rajasthan.

The visiting time for Chittorgarh Fort is from 9:30 AM to 5:30 PM every day. However, it is recommended to visit the fort during the cooler months of October to March, as the summers in Rajasthan can be extremely hot and uncomfortable.

It usually takes around 2-3 hours to explore the fort, but visitors who are interested in history and architecture may want to spend more time exploring the various palaces, temples, and towers within the fort complex.

It is important to note that visitors are not allowed to enter the fort after 5:30 PM, as the fort is closed to the public at this time. Additionally, visitors are required to pay an entrance fee to enter the fort, which varies depending on nationality.

 

Agra Fort

 Agra Fort is a historical fort in the city of Agra, India. It was built by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1565 and was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal dynasty until 1638. The fort is located on the right bank of the Yamuna river and covers an area of about 94 acres.

The fort's walls are 20 meters high and are surrounded by a moat, which provided an additional layer of defense. The walls are punctuated by four main gates, the most famous of which is the Amar Singh Gate, which is the main entrance to the fort. The gates are adorned with intricate carvings and inlay work.

Inside the fort, there are several palaces, halls, and mosques, each of which is richly decorated and showcases the skills of Mughal architects and artisans. The Jahangir Palace, for example, is noted for its fine marble work, while the Diwan-i-Khas is famous for its delicate inlaid marble screens.

The fort also features several minarets, or tall towers, which are typical of Mughal architecture. These minarets were used as watchtowers and provided a commanding view of the surrounding area.

Overall, Agra Fort is an exceptional example of Mughal architecture and is considered one of the finest fortifications in the world. Its intricate details, grand scale, and rich history make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in Indian history and architecture.

The fort is also famous for its association with the Mughal Queen, Mumtaz Mahal, who died during the birth of her 14th child, Emperor Shah Jahan. The Taj Mahal, which is considered one of the seven wonders of the world, was built by Shah Jahan in memory of his wife.

Agra Fort has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage site and is one of the most visited tourist destinations in India. It is a significant example of Mughal architecture and is considered one of the finest fortifications in the world.

Agra Fort is open to visitors every day except for Friday. The visiting hours for Agra Fort are as follows:

Summer Timings (April to September):

    Morning: 6:00 AM to 1:30 PM
    Afternoon: 2:30 PM to 6:30 PM

Winter Timings (October to March):

    Morning: 6:30 AM to 1:30 PM
    Afternoon: 2:00 PM to 6:00 PM

It is advisable to reach the fort early in the day to avoid crowds and to have enough time to explore the fort's many buildings and attractions. The fort is one of the most popular tourist destinations in India and can get crowded, especially during peak tourist season, so it is a good idea to plan your visit accordingly.

Ellora Caves

The Ellora Caves are a complex of Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain rock-cut temples in Maharashtra, India, built between the 6th and 10th centuries CE. The caves are located in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, and are a UNESCO World Heritage Site  in 1983. The Ellora Caves are considered to be one of the greatest examples of ancient Indian rock-cut architecture and a unique artistic achievement. The caves are famous for their elaborate carvings and sculptures, which depict scenes from Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain texts. The most famous of the caves is the Kailasa Temple, which is a massive monolithic structure that was carved out of a single rock.

The Ellora Caves complex is made up of 34 rock-cut caves, which are divided into three main groups: Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain.  They include viharas, or monasteries, and chaityas, or prayer halls, that were used by Buddhist monks for meditation and worship.

The Ellora Caves were built between the 6th and 10th centuries CE, during the rule of the Kalachuri, Chalukya, and Rashtrakuta dynasties in ancient India. The caves were created by carving out the face of a basalt cliff, and then excavating temples and monasteries inside the caves.

The Buddhist caves were the first to be built, between the 5th and 7th centuries CE, during the rule of the Kalachuri dynasty. These caves include viharas, or monasteries, and chaityas, or prayer halls, that were used by Buddhist monks for meditation and worship.

The Hindu caves were built between the 6th and 8th centuries CE, during the rule of the Chalukya dynasty. These caves include temples dedicated to Lord Shiva, Lord Vishnu, and other Hindu deities. The most famous of these is the Kailasa Temple, which is a massive monolithic structure that was carved out of a single rock.

The Jain caves were built between the 8th and 10th centuries CE, during the rule of the Rashtrakuta dynasty. They include shrines and temples that were used by Jain monks for worship and meditation.

All caves are richly decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures depicting scenes from Buddhist, Hindu and Jain texts. The caves are known for their architectural and sculptural beauty, and are considered to be one of the greatest examples of ancient Indian rock-cut architecture.

Ajanta Caves

 

The Ajanta Caves are a series of 29 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments that date back to the 2nd century BCE to the 6th century CE. They are located in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India, near the city of Ajanta. The caves are famous for their rock-cut architecture and elaborate frescoes, which depict scenes from the life of the Buddha and stories from Buddhist literature. They are considered to be some of the most significant surviving examples of ancient Indian art and architecture.

The Ajanta Caves were accidentally rediscovered in 1819 by a British officer and were subsequently studied by British and Indian scholars. They were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. The caves are open to the public, and guided tours are available. Visitors can also view the Ajanta Caves Museum, which contains many of the artifacts that were found at the site.

The Ajanta Caves are notable for their rock-cut architecture, which is considered to be some of the most impressive examples of ancient Indian architecture. The caves were carved out of solid rock and are estimated to have taken several centuries to construct.

The caves are divided into two groups: the earlier group, which consists of Caves 9-12 and the later group, which consists of Caves 1-8 and Caves 13-29. The earlier group of caves is characterized by a simpler architectural style, while the later group of caves is more elaborate and ornate.

The caves in the later group are entered through a porch and a verandah, which leads to a central hall. The central hall is called the "chaitya-griha" and it is the main worship area. The walls of the chaitya-griha are adorned with sculptures and frescoes. The caves also have a side aisle called the "pradakshina-patha" which circles the chaitya-griha and is used for circumambulation. The caves also have a number of smaller rooms and cells for monks to reside.

The caves also feature elaborate rock-cut sculptures and frescoes that adorn the walls, depicting scenes from the life of the Buddha and stories from Buddhist literature. The frescoes are considered to be some of the most beautiful examples of ancient Indian art. The Ajanta Caves are an excellent example of how ancient Indian artists were able to create beautiful and ornate architectural structures, and how the use of frescoes and sculptures to decorate these structures enhanced their aesthetic appeal.

Bharat Mata Temple Varanasi

 The Bharat Mata Temple in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India is a unique temple dedicated to the personification of India as a mother goddess. It was built in 1936 by a lawyer and freedom fighter named Shiv Prasad Gupta, and is considered to be the only temple in the world dedicated to Mother India.

The temple has a marble statue of Bharat Mata (Mother India) holding a map of India in her hand. The statue is around 8 feet tall and is placed on a pedestal in the middle of the temple. The temple is eight-storeyed, each floor representing a different historical period of India's history, starting from ancient India and ending with contemporary India.

The temple is open to people of all castes and religions and is also a popular tourist attraction. It is considered to be an important pilgrimage site for nationalists and patriots in India.

The temple is located in Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith Campus, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh , India.It's open all days of the week and there is no entry fee to visit the temple.

World Heritage Sites in India

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designates World Heritage Sites of outstanding universal value to cultural or natural heritage which have been nominated by countries which are signatories to the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. There are 40 World Heritage Sites located in India. Out of these, 32 are cultural, 7 are natural, and one, the Khangchendzonga National Park, is of mixed type. India has the sixth largest number of sites in the world. The first sites to be listed were the Ajanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Agra Fort, and Taj Mahal, all of which were inscribed in the 1983 session of the World Heritage Committee. The most recent site listed was Dholavira, in 2021. India has 49 sites on its tentative list.

 

1. Ajanta Caves

2. Ellora Caves

Til bhandeshwar Mahadev Temple Varanasi

The Tilbhandeshwar Mahadev Temple is one of the oldest temples in the holy city of Varanasi. Shri Tilbhandeshwar Mahadev Mandir is situated in Pandey Haveli, Bhelupur, adjacent to Bengali Tola Inter College, 500 meters East of river Ganga, 3.2 kilometers North of Banaras Hindu University and 1.5 kilometers South-West of Shri Kashi Vishwanath Mandir.  It is believed that the Shivling in this temple emerged by itself 2,500 years ago and its size increases every year by the size of a 'til'. Watch this report to know more about Tilbhandeshwar Mahadev Mandir.

The temple opens in 'brahmamuhurt' (ब्राह्ममुहूर्त). It remains open for the devotees from 4:30 AM to 9 PM. The priests perform the ‘shringaar’ (श्रृंगार- decoration) of the deities and temple before the shrine is opened for the general public. The ‘Mangala Aarti’, the first aarti of the day, is done when the temple is opened for the public. Thus, the devotees also happen to be part of the aarti. Since last three hundred years, the temple and adjoining ‘ashrama’ is being looked after by the saints of Kerala. The arrival of saints and sages from Kerala to this place took place at the time of Adi Shankaracharya's arrival in Kashi. 

Azamgarh

 Azamgarh is an important town of historical significance in Uttar Pradesh.Named after its founder, Azam who was the son of Vikramajit, a descendant of the Gautam Rajputs. Many arresting, imposing structures from the Rajput era are spread out across the city, giving it a royal, vintage look. Moreover, Azamgarh acts as a gateway to other historically important cities like Ayodhya, Kanpur, and Bareilly.Azamgarh is an important town of historical significance in Uttar Pradesh. Azam’s father, Vikramjit had converted to Islam and married a Mohammedan woman. Hence, Azamgarh is largely a Muslim city with strong influences of its erstwhile rulers still visible today. Later on, Azamgarh became a hub for Islamic literary scholars, theologists and poets.

Sankat Mochan Temple

Sankat Mochan Hanuman temple or Sankat Mochan temple is located in the southern part of Varanasi, At a distance of 2 km from Assi Ghat and 8 km from Varanasi Junction. The temple is dedicated to Lord Hanuman, the monkey God of Hinduism, it is one of the holy temples in Kashi and also one of the top places to visit in Varanasi. The term ‘sankatmochan’ refers to reliever of all problems.

Legend has it, that Tulsidas, the author of 'Ram Charita Manas', the Hindi version of the 'Ramayan', originally written by Valmiki in late 1500 AD, founded the temple after a vision of the Lord Hanuman at that spot. The holy text was discovered in 1623 and has been in the temple since 1701. It is written in the Awadhi dialect which is part of the eastern Hindi language family.

The devotees of the Lord Hanuman offer Prasad ( basan ke ladoo) and Sindoor on the statue to the Lord Hanuman which is sealed in the campus of the temple. They also decorate the idol of the Lord Hanuman with the flower garland. The temple of the Sankat Mochan has unique feature by having the idol of Lord Hanuman in front of his Lord Rama (whom he is always dedicated in unselfish manner).

According to Astrology, Hanuman saves human beings from the anger of the planet Shani (Saturn), and especially people who have an ill-placed Saturn in their horoscopes visit this temple for astrological remedies. This is supposed to be the most effective way for appeasing Shani. While it is suggested that Hanuman did not hesitate to engulfe in his mouth the sun, the lord of all planets, which humbled all the gods and angels, making them worship him for the Sun's release. Some astrologers believe that worshiping Hanuman can neutralize the ill-effect of Mangal (Mars) and practically any planet that has an ill effect on human life.

Apart from the everyday visitors, thousands of devotees gather here on occasions like Hanuman Jayanti. A special procession known as Shobha Yatra is also arranged which starts from Durgakund Temple. The temple also organizes 'Sankat Mochan Sangeet Samaroh', a classical music and dance festival every year in the month of April, in which musicians and dancers from all over India take part.

How to reach?
By Air - The nearest airport is Varanasi Airport.
By Rail – Nearest railway junction is Varanasi. Well connected to all over India.
By Road - Buses ply to cities to all over India. Local travel can be done with Rickshaw or taxies.
 

Kashi Vishwanath Temple

Where the Varuna and Asi rivers join the Ganges, a beautiful city was built there in the ancient times. It was named Varanasi. Varanasi, a prime place of pilgrimage, a tribe called kasha used to live. Therefore, Varanasi was also known as Kashi. Near Kashi, Ganga flows in the shape of a bow. Hence it acquired special importance. A king called Deivodas expanded this area.

Varanasi is located in Uttarpradesh, in the Gangetic plains.

Purana of kashi vishwanath jyotirlinga

Nirvikar cahitanya and Sanatan Brahma have assumed the form of Saguna Vishwarupa from the initial Nirgun Roopa or form. The Shiva Shakti roopa became the Purusha (man) and Stree (the woman) again. Prakriti and Purusha (Nature and man) (Shiva-Shakti) were once ordained by Shiva to do tapas in the universe in order to create the best being. He specified the best place for this purpose. When a prayer was held, Nirgun Shiva, with His own powers and aura, created a wonderful city called Panchakoshi. Vishnu, who resided there, spent a lot of time praying to Shiva after which several watersprings originated there. Vishnu was amazed at this wonderous event, and even as he tilled his head, a gemstone fell from his ear. Because of this place, it was also called Manikarnika. The entire Panch Koshi area of Manikarnika waters were then gathered into the Trident by Shiva. Then from the navel of Vishnu was born a lotus flower with Brahma in it. Brahma was ordained by Shiva to create a world, at which Brahma created this wonderful world. It had fifty crore Yojanas of area and fourteen lokas. In order to save the lives of these who are bound by their own actions or karma. Shiva kept panchakoshi city away from the entire universe. In this city, Shiva Himself established the saviour Muktidayak JyotirLinga, which He can never leave. Shiva removed this very Kashi from His Trident and set it in this mortal world. It was not to be destroyed when Brahma’s day ends, but during Pralay i.e., final destruction of the world, Shiva saved it by keeping it safe in his trident. So the kashi is called avimukta kshetra. In Kashi, the Avimukteshwar Linga is there forever. Those who can never hope for salvation, attain Moksha here. 

This holiest city of Panchakoshi, with its capacity to destroy every conceivable sin, is the vehicle of a special Moksha by the name “Samyugha”. That is the reason why this city which is ruled by Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesha, is the place, where even divines want to die. Sarwaguna from inside and Tamoguna from outside, are the qualities of Rudra here. When prayed to, Vishwanatha Bahagavan Sri Shankar made this abode and resided there with Parvati.

History of the Kashi Vishwanath Temple

Varanasi, which was a pious place of pilgrimage for the hindus, soon became an eyesore and source of jealousy for the Muslims. From 1033 to 1669 AD Kashi came under several destructive attacks. Temples were demolished and Masjids built there instead. But due to the dedication of the Hindu devotees, the JyotirLinag pilgrimage place continued to develop. During the reign of the British and the Marathas, this place really developed well. Even the Jaina and Boudha monks helped to keep the place of the city intact.

The Kashi Vishweshwar temple as we see it now was built by Ahalya Devi Holkar in 1777 AD. In 1785 AD, the then King of Kashi, Mansaram and his son Belvant Singh built many more temples near Varanasi. In 1755 AD, the Avadh pantof pratinidhi (representative) got the old temple of Bindumadhava repaired and renovated it beautifully. The kalabhairava temple was built by Srimant Baji Rao Peshwa in 1852 AD.

King Ranjit Singh had the Kashi Vishwanath temple towers covered in gold. A huge bell hangs in the temple. It was donated by the King of Nepal. Surrounding Saranath, there are many Budhhist stupas, Viharas and Chaitra grihas. In 1931 AD the mahabodhi society had built a very beautiful Buddha temple in Saranath.

The Hindu devotees visit Kashi to make offering. Here they perform many rituals and consider themselves blessed. Along side, several foreign tourists visit this place regularly. Places worth seeing include Ghats, temples, tapobhoomi and the scenic beauty of the surroundings. Kashi Kshetra and Sri Vishweswara JyotirLinga are connected as the holiest shrines in the world. The Ganga water here is considered as the nectar of the earth. Dying in Kashi or performing the final rites is considered as the way to the Heavens. Kashi - Rameshwar(1) yatra is the prime pilgrimage for the Hindus. 

• Where Kashi Vishwanath temple is Located?

  The temple is located on the banks of River Ganges in Varanasi. The temple is located 5 km away from the Cantt railway station. Maduadih railway station is just 4 km away from the temple. You can reach the temple by taxi or auto rickshaw.
  

• Best time to visit Kashi Vishwanath temple

  The temple will be at prime beauty throughout the year. Winter (October – March) has a pleasant climate which makes sightseeing easier. The rituals starts early by 3 am in the morning. The second ritual starts by 11:15 am. In the evening, rituals starts at 7 pm, 9 pm and 10:30 pm. The temple closes by 11 in the night.
  

• Cost / Entry Fee

  There is no entrance fee to enter the temple. If you are planning to perform rituals under your name, you need to buy tickets for the same. Buying flowers for the deity from the shops near the temple is a common act. It is not compulsory to buy flowers. Giving donations to the priest or putting money in the hundi is not compulsory.
  

• What to See in Kashi Vishwanath temple

  The temple complex consist of numerous shrines. The main shrine has a linga (form of Shiva) which is 60 cm tall, placed in a silver altar. The shrine is built in a quadrangle shape and there are many small shrines that surround this main shrine.
  Jnana Vapi :
  This is a well inside the temple. It is said that the jyotilingam (holiest form of linga) is hid in this well to protect it from the invaders. According to legends, the head priest of the temple jumped into the well with the deity statue when invaders attacked the temple. The well borders the mosque and the temple.
  
  Sabha Gurh :
  This hall leads to the sanctum. In the sanctum, you will find a black colored linga placed on silver platform.
  Domes :
  There are three domes in the temple. All the three domes are made out of gold.
  

Famous Temples in Varanasi

Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Varanasi, India

Temples in Varanasi hold an important place, as it is not any ordinary city at all. Put in the words of Mark Twain, "Varanasi is older than history, older than tradition, older even than legend, and looks twice as old as all of them put together”.The city is the most prominent pilgrimage in Hinduism and hence the Temples in Varanasi are highly revered across India.

Varanasi is also called the city of temples home to about 2,000 temples. Devotees from all parts of India, as well as the world, come to Varanasi to visit these temples, making the sacred temples of Varanasi amongest the most visited temples in India.
This ardent belief has been in existence since the ancient times. It is also seen as the city of Lord Shiva. Vishwanath Temple is commands the supreme devotion of the Hindus among all other temples in Varanasi. Sarnath, Sankat Mochan, and Durga Temple are other popular and temples in and around the city. Some temples in Varanasi are centuries old and while others are relatively newer. Many significant and famous temples are located at Ganga Ghats, adding to the spiritual value of the holy river, Ganges.

1.  Kashi Vishwanath Temple
2. Sankat Mochan Temple

About Hawa Mahal Jaipur - Architecture, Facts, History & Visit Timing

Hawa Mahal or the 'Palace Of The Winds' located in the heart of the beautiful Pink City of Jaipur in Rajasthan, India, is one of the most famous tourist attractions and a prominent landmark of the city that is renowned for its rich cultural and architectural history. Built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh of the Kachhwaha Rajput dynasty, this beautiful structure is predominantly a high screen wall made of pink and red sandstone that facilitated royal women to get an eyeful of the street festivals and busy city life while remaining out of the view of public. This five-storey building in the shape of a crown of Lord Krishna with 953 jharokhas or windows and a beautifully decorated façade resembling a honeycomb of a beehive that gives one a feel of the rich heritage of the Rajputs.

History

In 1799, the Kachhwaha Rajput ruler, Sawai Pratap Singh, grandson of Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh ordered Lal Chand Usta to construct an extension to the Royal City Palace. The Purdah system at the time was strictly followed. Rajput royal ladies should not be seen by strangers or appear in any public area. The construction of Hawa Mahal allows the royal ladies to enjoy from every day street scenes to royal processions on the street without being seen.

Architecture

The five-stores palace was built in the form of Krishna’s crown because Sarai Pratap Singh was devoted to Krishna, the Hindu god.

The mahal has a total of 953 small casements each with small lattice worked pink window, balconies and arched roofs with hanging cornices. This allows cool breeze blow through the mahal and keep it cool and airy in summer. Despite the large number of windows, each of them are size of a peep hole such that the royal ladies were not to be seen by the public.

The top three storeys are a single room thick, namely Vichitra Mandir, Prakash Mandir and Hawa Mandir. The Maharaja worshipped the Krishna at the Vichitra Mandir. while the Prakash Mandir provides an open terrace to both sides. Worth noting is that there are no steps to the upper floors but ramps. They are for the palanquin of the royal ladies.

The autumn celebrations took place on the Sharad Mandir on the first floor. Don’t miss out on the colourful glassworks on Ratan Mandir on the second floor.

Contrast to the rich decoration of the exterior, the interiors of the mahal is much simpler. But it is also where you will find the best view of the city of Jaipur

Location

Located at Hawa Mahal Rd, Badi Choupad in Jaipur, you will not find any hassle while spotting this attraction. In fact, if you run short of time but want to see Hawa Mahal, you can have a quick view of it while travelling through Badi Chaupad. This was built so intricately that you can see the beauty even at a glance.

Best Time to Visit

Since it's Jaipur, which is in Rajasthan, it is always better to plan your trip during October and March. In fact, these are the six months when the Jaipur weather becomes very pleasant. In the day time, the weather becomes pleasing, while in the night, you may need to pull on the quilts.

How to Reach

You can reach the city by three modes of transport, plane, train or bus and even cab.

From Sanganer airport, you will get buses and cabs. It is up to you which one you would like to take. If you want to consider trains, then the nearest metro station is Merta Road Jn Railway Station. Bus service is also available, which will help you to reach the city without any trouble. But if you want even a more convenient travel experience, you can book a cab. You can take a look in and around the city whenever you want.

.

Chhath Puja - Hindu Rituals for the Sun God

Chhath Puja, also known as Surya Shashti, is a popular Hindu festival celebrated in the northern regions of the India. These regions include Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Other places where Chhath Puja is observed are Chhattisgarh, Chandigarh, Gujarat, Delhi, Mumbai, Nepal and Mauritius. The word ‘Chhath’ has its origin in ‘sixth’ as it is celebrated on the 6th day or ‘Shasthi’ of the lunar fortnight of Kartik (October - November) in the Hindu calendar – six days after Diwali, the festival of lights.

The origin of Chhath Puja dates back to Vedic times, as Vedic texts contains rituals associated with the worshipping of Sun. It is also believed that Draupadi, from the epic Mahabharata, used to perform similar rituals. Some people also believed that Chhath Puja was started by Son of Surya, Karna from Mahabharata. Chhath Puja is not only religiously significant, but also has several mental and physical benefits. Physically, the practice of Chhath facilitates in improving the immunity of the devotee. It is also believed that light rays emitted by sun are quite beneficial for the normal maintenance of the body. Being antiseptic in nature, the safe radiations from sun can help in curing fungal and bacterial skin infections. Sunlight received during Chhath provide energy that when get combined with blood streams enhances the performance of white blood cells, which further leads to improving fighting power of blood.

How Chhath is Celebrated
Chhath can well be regarded as the state festival of Bihar, where it goes on for four days. Outside of India, Chhath is mainly among celebrated by the Bhojpuri and Maithili speaking community apart from the Nepalese Hindus. It assumes a joyous and colorful form as people dress up in their best clothes and gather by rivers and other water bodies to celebrate Chhath. Many devotees take a holy dip at dawn before preparing the ritual offerings or ‘Prasad,’ which mainly comprising ‘Thekua,’ a hard and crude but tasty wheat-based cake usually cooked on traditional earthen ovens called ‘chulhas.’ The divine offerings are placed on circular trays woven out of bamboo strips called ‘dala’ or ‘soop.’ Women adorn new clothes, light lamps and sing devotional folk songs in honor of ‘Chhat Maiya’ or the holy river Ganga. After sunset, devotees return home to celebrate ‘Kosi’ when earthen lamps or ‘diyas’ are lit in the courtyard of the house and kept beneath a bower of sugarcane sticks. Serious devotees maintain a strict anhydrous fast of three days.

Legend
While the exact origins of Chhath Puja remain undefined and ambiguous, some believe it dates all the way back to Hindu epics, Ramayana and Mahabharata. 

The two legends associated with Chhath Puja are as follows:
Ramayana
Said to be a descendant of the Sun god, some say Lord Rama has a lot to do with the inception of Chhath Puja. On returning to Ayodhya after the exile, Lord Rama and Sita observed a fast in honour of the Sun god and broke it only at the break of dawn next day--a ritual that subsequently evolved into the Chhath Puja.

Mahabharata
Prominent mythological character Karna is said to be the child of Sun god and Kunti. It is said that Karna religiously offered his prayers while standing in the water and distributed prasad among the needy. 

Yet another story mentions how Draupadi and the Pandavas performed a similar puja to win their kingdom back. 

The 4 Days of Chhath

Day 1: Naha Kha/ Nahaye Khaye

On the first day of Chhath, devotees do not consume food before taking a bath, after which they prepare food items like chane ki daal, kheer, kaddu ki sabzi among others. 

Day 2: Kharna

Devotees fast till the Kharna puja concludes. After which a combination of jaggery-laden kheer and puris is offered to the gods and distributed among those who'd observed the fast.

Day 3: Pehla Arghya

The toughest and third day of Chhath has devotees--mostly women--observe a rigid fast where they neither consume water nor food. Dedicated to Sun god's consort, Chhathi Maiya this day is marked with folk songs and taking dips in the holy waters of Ganga, Kosi and Karnali--that go on till the sun sets.

Day 4: Doosra Arghya/ Paaran

Devotees break their long fast after offering prayers to the rising Sun.